Correction and Retractions

CORRECTION AND RETRACTIONS

1. Corrections 

A correction may be issued when an error is identified in a published article and the error can be rectified without requiring retraction of the entire publication.

Corrections may be considered for errors such as:

  • Incorrect author names, affiliations, or other publication metadata.
  • Typographical, formatting, or factual errors that may affect the clarity or accuracy of the article.
  • Errors in tables, figures, statistical reporting, or other research information that do not invalidate the overall findings or conclusions.
  • Errors or omissions in acknowledgments, funding statements, conflict of interest declarations, or other relevant disclosures.
  • Other inaccuracies that require formal clarification to maintain the accuracy of the published record.

The need for a correction will be assessed by the editorial team based on the nature of the error and its potential impact on the interpretation, reproducibility, or reliability of the research.

When a correction is approved, JQPH will publish a formal correction notice that clearly identifies the original article, describes the error, and specifies the correction made. The correction notice will be linked to the original article and made accessible to readers.

Where appropriate, the online article will be updated with a clear indication that a correction has been issued, including the date and nature of the changes. Previous versions will be retained or archived in accordance with the journal's version-control procedures.

 

2. Retractions 

Retraction is a formal mechanism used to correct the scholarly record when a published article contains serious problems that undermine the reliability of its findings, interpretations, or conclusions, or when significant publication ethics violations are established.

JQPH may consider retracting an article in circumstances including, but not limited to:

  • Clear evidence that research data or findings have been fabricated or falsified.
  • Serious methodological, analytical, or reporting errors that invalidate the principal results or conclusions.
  • Plagiarism or substantial unattributed duplication of previously published work.
  • Redundant or duplicate publication that materially compromises the originality or integrity of the scholarly record.
  • Research conducted in violation of applicable ethical requirements, where the violation compromises the validity or ethical acceptability of the publication.
  • Unauthorized use of data, materials, or research information that substantially compromises the legitimacy of the publication.
  • Compromised peer review or systematic manipulation of the publication process.
  • Other serious breaches of